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1. How are igneous rocks formed? (11a)
2. How are sedimentary rocks formed? (11a)
3. how are metamorphic rocks formed.? (11a)
4. What type of rock is a) sandstone, b) marble, c) granite? (11a)
5. If an igneous rock has large crystals, how was it formed? (11b)
6. What do we call the outline of a plant or animal found inside a rock? (11b)
7. What can cause weathering of rocks? (11c)
8. How can ice break up rocks? (11c)
9. What type of plant often causes damage to brickwork? (11d)
10. What do we call wearing away of rocks? (11d)
11. How are cliffs eroded? (11d)
12. What causes erosion in valleys? (11d)
13. What are sediments? (11e)
14. How are sand banks and soils formed? (11e)
15. What is the difference between sandy and clay soils? (11e)

ANSWERS

1. When molten substances cool down and form crystals.
2. When substances settle out in water forming layers.
3. When rocks are heated and pushed together.
4. a) sedimentary, b) metamorphic, c) igneous.
5. By a molten substance slowly turning into a solid.
6. A fossil.
7. Water, wind, changes of temperature.
8. If water gets into cracks then freezes it expands and can split the rock into smaller pieces.
9. Lichen or moss.
10. Erosion.
11. By waves constantly crashing into them and breaking bits off.
12. Rivers.
13. Tiny pieces of rock deposited by a river or the sea.
14. Sand banks are formed when the sea deposits its sediments. Soils can be from river sediments.
15. Sandy soils are made of large particles. Clay soils have small particles. (Sandy soils can drain better than clay soils).